Are you frustrated with that pair of shoes you just bought
online a couple of days ago? Or did you didn’t get the service you usually get
from the hotel you frequent? Well, it’s time to send a complaint letter to the
business that ruins your day.

.

Actually, before you send that complaint, it’s best if you
talk it out with the customer service to deal with the problem. If that doesn’t
work, then go ahead, fire up your laptop, and write that complaint letter. Don’t
worry. We’re here to guide you on how how to complain and get results.

How to Write a Letter of Complaint

#1. State your purpose

Right from the get-go, tell them exactly why do you write
the complaint and what do you want. Do you want a refund, apology, or the exact
item you’ve ordered? Please be reasonable with your demands. If, for example, a
hotel security was being rude to you, don’ ask the management to fire him
immediately.

.

#2. Give all the details

If your complaint is about a product you’ve just bought,
list the product’s make, model, serial number, size, color, and practically
every detail relevant about the purchase. If it’s about a service, state the
time, place, and details of the person in question.

.

#3. Include copies of all relevant documents

You still got the receipts and/or the warranty card, right?
Send the copy along with the letter to make it easier for the business to trace
the issue.

.

#4. Tell them what you’ve done.

No, we’re not telling you to confess about the bad things
you did last summer. We meant all the steps you’ve taken to resolve the issue like calling the
customer service and such. If you don’t say it up front, they’ll just try to route
you back to the customer service and waste your time.

.

#5. Be polite

There’s no need to be rude. The one reading your complaint
didn’t have anything to do with the bad service or product you received. Being
rude or even making threats can get you in trouble
with the law. And the business will already have written proof at hand. Keep
in mind that you’re writing the letter to get your issues resolved and not to
add new ones.

.

#6. Include your contact information

A swift resolution requires the other party to be able to
contact you. Tell them if they should call, email, or send a letter by owl. If
you prefer them to call you at specific times, tell them that too.

.

#7. Read it aloud

Before you print and send your letter, keep in mind to read
it aloud to catch any mistakes such as typos or bad grammar. To make it easier
for you, just copy and paste your letter to the online spelling and grammar checker.
The tool will highlight all the mistakes
found in your letter so you can fix them quickly and easily.

.

#8. Send it by certified mail

Some businesses will do whatever it takes to avoid giving
any compensation to customers. If you send the complaint by regular mail, they’ll
just deny they ever received your letter. Certified mail requires the receiver’s
signature so you have written proof that the business did receive the mail and
who received it.

UR HOUSE明白選擇合適的店面對企業的重要性，這不只是一個簡單的店面，而是您企業、品牌形象和業務成長的基礎。每個月，UR HOUSE專業團隊的各區店長都會從眾多店面中，精選出最具潛力和戰略價值的物件，確保每一個優選物件的價值都能被看見。 本次的主題是本次的主題是「三角窗店面精選」，UR HOUSE為您精選的三角窗店面擁有雙向曝光、高曝光率、良好展示效果等優勢。

從台北市的商業中心到新興熱區，無論您的目標是開設大型零售店、舉辦展覽活動，還是經營大型餐飲業，UR HOUSE的店面精選都能提供多元化的解決方案。 我們的宗旨是幫助每位客戶找到適合其商業策略和品牌特色的店面。 透過我們深入的市場洞察和專業建議，我們致力於為您提供無縫的物業尋找體驗。 每月的精選店面不僅展現了台北市的商業多樣性，也體現了UR HOUSE對於品質和客戶滿意度的承諾。 

三角窗金店面：雙倍曝光、效益加倍

在寸土寸金的城市中，黃金店面是許多業主的夢想。而其中，三角窗金店面更是炙手可熱的物件，因為其獨特的地理位置和外型，能夠提供高曝光率和良好的展示效果，讓品牌能見度翻倍。

三角窗金店面的優勢

• 多向曝光：三角窗金店面位於兩個街道的交會處，擁有兩面臨街的優勢，能夠讓商家從兩個方向同時曝光，吸引更多客流。
• 高曝光率：由於位於交通要道，三角窗金店面更容易被行人或車輛看到，為品牌帶來更高的曝光率。
• 良好展示效果：三角窗金店面通常擁有較大的玻璃櫥窗，能夠充分展示店內商品，吸引顧客的目光。
• 品牌形象加分：三角窗金店面往往被視為是繁華商業區的象徵，能夠為品牌形象加分。

三角窗金店面的選址關鍵

• 交通流量：選擇交通流量大的路段，能夠為店面帶來更多的客流。
• 周邊商圈：選擇周邊商圈繁華的地段，能夠吸引更多潛在顧客。
• 店面格局：選擇格局方正的店面，能夠充分利用空間。
• 裝潢設計：選擇符合品牌形象的裝潢設計，能夠吸引顧客的目光。

三角窗金店面的成功案例

• 位於台北市信義區的某知名金飾品牌：
  客戶選擇了三角窗金店面作為旗艦店，並在店面外觀設計上下了功夫，打造出獨特的品牌形象。該店面一經開幕，便吸引了大批顧客的目光，成為品牌的標誌性門店。

三角窗金店面是黃金店面中的佼佼者，能夠為品牌帶來雙倍的曝光和效益。如果您正在尋找黃金店面，三角窗金店面是一個值得考慮的選擇。

博愛特區黃金三角窗店面

R


台大醫院

台北市
中正區
重慶南路一段

89.65

坪

｜

0
房
1
廳
1
衛

NTD


280,000

/月

 

Keyword: 室內設計

From the earliest days of additive manufacturing, providers of 3D printing hardware and materials have identified the aerospace industry as an important target for their products. Aircraft, as highly complex systems with a diverse array of parts, stand to benefit from cutting-edge developments in production tools and materials, especially those that can reduce the weight or increase the strength of components. Some 3D printing processes claim to do both.

Unfortunately, that doesn’t mean that aerospace has adopted additive manufacturing faster than other industries. In fact, since aircraft and their myriad components must — for obvious reasons — undergo the most rigorous certification and testing procedures, it can actually take years or decades for a 3D printed aerospace component to go from concept to implementation. The technology is there, but the knowledge that comes from years of testing and observation is not. It is therefore much easier to implement additive manufacturing in low-risk industries where fewer lives are at stake.

But while implementation of 3D printed aerospace products can be slow, the parts that have made the grade are already having a major impact on the industry. From simple things like 3D printed interior cabin walls, to absolutely critical parts like additively manufactured metal engine components, AM is undoubtedly beginning to take off in one of the world’s most lucrative and fast-paced industries.

This article outlines just some of the ways that AM is, and will be, used in the aerospace industry.

Light-weighting & Strength Optimization

Additive manufacturing and subtractive manufacturing differ in many ways, and the choice between 3D printing and traditional alternatives often presents a dilemma. However, one of the key differences between the two approaches is their respective abilities to shape the interior geometry of a part.

3D printing is incredibly useful in industries like aerospace because it allows engineers to fabricate components with partially hollow interiors that utilize complex geometric patterns to maximize their internal strength without adding weight. Since 3D printers build parts from the “bottom up,” they can be used to create lattice-like structures within parts like metal engine components or plastic cabin partitions. It would be impossible to do this using traditional processes like molding (because the liquid material fills the entire cavity) or machining (because the cutting tool cannot reach the interior without penetrating the exterior).

It is hard to overstate the importance of these lattice structures. When building an aircraft, every gram of weight is an obstacle to maximum efficiency, but 3D printing makes it possible to significantly reduce the mass of a component by building it with a partially hollow, lattice-structured interior. The weaving, sinewy threads of the lattice can be arranged in a mathematically optimized manner to maximize strength and reduce stress, ensuring that the lightweight part is just as strong as — if not stronger than — a fully solid alternative. More importantly, the space between those threads is weightless, meaning the overall mass of the part is reduced.

There are many examples of aerospace companies using 3D printing to create lightweight parts. In 2011, researchers at Boeing-owned HRL Laboratories announced the development of a metal they believed to be the “world’s lightest material,” whose density of just 0.9 mg/cc made it around 100 times lighter than Styrofoam. “The trick is to fabricate a lattice of interconnected hollow tubes with a wall thickness of 100 nanometers, 1,000 times thinner than a human hair,” explained Tobias Schaedler, one of the researchers.

As researchers continue to explore the possibilities of lightweight 3D printed lattice structures, aerospace companies will become more and more involved with additive manufacturing for the purpose of light-weighting and strength optimization.

Prototypes & Spares

One of the biggest advantages of additive manufacturing — in any industry — is its ability to make parts on demand and in-house. 3D printers can be set up anywhere and can operate largely autonomously, which means lead times for 3D printed parts are very short. Because of this, aerospace companies are able to quickly fabricate new iterations of a part for immediate testing, ultimately shortening the R&D process and allowing parts to be completed sooner.

Faster prototyping is, therefore, one of the main uses for additive manufacturing in aerospace, and the results have been proven: according to additive manufacturing giant Stratasys, use of in-house 3D printing for aerospace prototypes can result in time savings of around 43% when compared to injection molding and CNC tooling and around 75% when compared to 2D laser cutting.

Another area in which aerospace stands to benefit from additive manufacturing is the maintenance of inventory. The average commercial aircraft is made up of around 4 million components, not all of which are made by the same manufacturers. This means aircraft suppliers have to keep a huge inventory of spare parts in case a plane needs repairing. Buying those spare parts comes at a major cost, as does acquiring the real estate to store them all.

3D printers can provide an incredibly helpful solution in this area. By keeping a 3D printer on site, aerospace companies can — instead of filling giant warehouses with millions of expensive spare parts — simply keep a digital library of spare parts in a printable format such as STL. In this way, the companies can 3D print the parts only when needed. This tactic of using digital spare parts libraries is gradually being adopted across many industries and will take decades to be implemented on a major scale, but aerospace could be one of the biggest beneficiaries.

3ERP has years of experience creating prototype parts for clients in aerospace and other industries. Get in touch for a fast quote on any project.

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Aug 14/24

3 Groundbreaking Innovations by Automotive Tier 1 Suppliers

 

The automotive industry is experiencing a significant surge in production, with automotive tier-1 suppliers playing a pivotal role in this growth. Global motor vehicle production increased by approximately 5.7% between 2021 and 2022, with 85.4 million vehicles manufactured worldwide in 2022.

This impressive rise underscores the urgent demand for cutting-edge solutions in the industry. As tier-1 supplier breakthroughs continue to shape the future of transportation, these latest automotive innovations are not only meeting the industry’s needs: they are driving it forward.

If you’re looking to stay ahead of the curve, it’s crucial to understand the top three innovations from industry-leading automotive suppliers that are redefining the automotive landscape.

1. Autonomous Vehicle Systems

The journey toward fully autonomous vehicles is well underway, thanks to the relentless efforts of industry-leading automotive suppliers. Tier-1 suppliers have been instrumental in developing advanced automotive technologies like LiDAR, radar, and high-definition cameras, which are crucial for autonomous driving.

These innovations enable vehicles to perceive their surroundings accurately and make informed decisions in real time.

LiDAR Technology

LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is a game-changer in autonomous driving. It uses laser pulses to create precise 3D maps of the vehicle’s environment. This allows for safe navigation even in complex conditions.

Radar Systems

Advanced radar systems are another key innovation by automotive tier-1 suppliers. They provide robust detection capabilities, particularly in adverse weather conditions where optical sensors may falter.

These latest automotive innovations set the stage for a future in which autonomous vehicles are common on our roads.

2. Electric Powertrains

The shift towards electric vehicles (EVs) is a monumental change in the automotive industry. Tier-1 suppliers lead the charge by developing advanced automotive technologies that make EVs more of the following:

• Efficient
• Powerful
• Accessible

A JPMorgan statistic highlights that electric vehicle sales are expected to reach 31.1 million by 2030, accounting for nearly 32% of all vehicle sales.

Battery Management Systems

Efficient battery management is crucial for EVs’ performance and longevity. Tier-1 suppliers innovate by creating systems that optimize battery life, ensuring safety and reliability.

Electric Drivetrains

Another key breakthrough is the development of high-efficiency electric drivetrains by industry-leading automotive suppliers. These systems maximize energy efficiency, extending the range of EVs and reducing the overall ownership cost.

3. Lightweight Materials

Reducing vehicle weight is critical to improving fuel efficiency and performance. Automotive tier-1 suppliers are pioneering lightweight materials such as carbon fiber and high-strength aluminum alloys. These materials are not only lighter but also provide superior strength and durability.

Carbon Fiber Composites

Carbon fiber composites in the automotive industry provide an exceptional strength-to-weight ratio. Innovation by tier-1 supplier breakthroughs is enabling the production of vehicles that are both lighter and more robust.

Aluminum Alloys

Advanced aluminum alloys are another innovation that is making waves. These materials are used in various components, from chassis to body panels. They help reduce vehicles’ overall weight without compromising safety.

Driving Innovation With Automotive Tier-1 Suppliers

The innovations highlighted above are just a glimpse into automotive tier-1 suppliers’ transformative impact on the industry. These breakthroughs are shaping the future of transportation.

Partnering with industry leaders like Mayco International can make all the difference for companies looking to stay ahead in this competitive landscape. Contact Mayco International today to learn how their cutting-edge solutions can drive your business forward.

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On December 2, the 2020 key project "Research and Application of Key Technologies for High-Performance Motor Insulated Bearings" of the national key R&D program "Manufacturing Basic Technologies and Key Components" led by ZYS held a comprehensive performance evaluation meeting in Luoyang. More than 40 people including project leaders, subject leaders, project technical backbones and project management personnel attended the meeting. Gao Yuanan, Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the Institute of ZYS, attended the meeting and delivered a speech. The meeting was chaired by Li Wenchao, deputy general manager and chief engineer of ZYS.

At the meeting, each project team reported on the implementation of the project. Project responsible expert Chen Bingkui and special experts Li Dongru and Wang Shaoping, as well as 7 peer experts including Zhou Yu, Chairman of the China Bearing Industry Association, formed a review expert group to review the data for each topic. Questions and comments. In the end, all five topics passed the comprehensive performance evaluation.

This project is led by ZYS, with participation from 9 units including including HIT, Shanghai Union Axis, Xi 'an CRRC, Xi 'an Jiaotong University, Lanhua Institute, River University of Science and Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Nanjing Tianma and Zhengzhou Sanmo Institute. The project is oriented towards traction Insulated bearings used in motors, wind turbines and other fields are faced with the problems of poor quality consistency, low life reliability and lack of performance evaluation system in batch manufacturing. Key issues such as bearing optimization design, coating preparation, precision machining, test evaluation and application verification have been carried out. Collaborative technological research has enabled applications in areas such as rail transit or wind turbines.

This time, the five topics passed the comprehensive performance evaluation, which is crucial and significant to the overall acceptance of the project. As the project lead unit, ZYS will, as always, provide all-round guarantees for all project tasks to ensure that the project successfully passes acceptance. In the next step, we will strengthen the transformation of project results, break the foreign technology monopoly as soon as possible, realize the comprehensive domestic substitution of insulated bearings, strengthen my country's high-speed rail and wind power industry chain, and contribute to the comprehensive implementation of the manufacturing power and innovation-driven development strategy!

About ZYS

ZYS focuses on developing high-performance bearing products for key units of national economic construction. We perform batch production of various high-rank bearing products and components with inner diameter of 0.6mm to outer diameter of 6.8m. We are mainly engaged in the research, development, production and sales of precision bearing, special bearing, high-speed machine tool spindle, bearing special equipment, bearing testing instruments, bearing testing machine and bearing special materials, which are widely used in the fields of aerospace, machine tools, wind power generation, mine metallurgy, petrochemical, medical equipment, automobiles and rail transit, construction machinery, intelligent manufacturing services, etc.

Contact ZYS

E-mail:[email protected]

Tel: 0086-379-64884656

Web:www.zys-bearing.com

Sheet metal fabrication allows you to manufacture different products using a combination of various techniques and compatible materials. Consequently, the popularity of sheet metal manufacturing technology showcases its importance for a wide range of applications. However, it is crucial to understand how this process works, and you can take advantage of it.

This article examines the basics of sheet metal fabrication, describing the associated techniques and their applications. You will also learn the various advantages of the process as well as the suitable materials and surface finishes for the metal fabrication process. Read on to broaden your knowledge of the sheet metal process.

Contents
hide

I
What is Sheet Metal Fabrication?

II
3 Types of Sheet Metal Fabrication Techniques

III
Sheet Metal Fabrication Cutting Techniques

IV
Sheet Metal Fabrication Forming Techniques

V
Sheet Metal Fabrication Joining Techniques

VI
Advantages of Sheet Metal Manufacturing

VII
Available Sheet Metal Fabrication Materials

VIII
Surface Finishes for Sheet Metal Fabrication

IX
Industrial Applications of Sheet Metal Fabrication Parts

X
Design Tips for Sheet Metal Fabricating

XI
WayKen's Sheet Metal Fabrication Services

XII
Conclusion

XIII
FAQ

What is Sheet Metal Fabrication?

Sheet metal fabrication is a manufacturing technique that involves making products from flat metal sheets. As a result, you can fabricate sheet metal using different methods involving advanced machinery to form, bend, cut, and assemble metal into any preferred shape.

The various sheet metal fabrication process is compatible with many metal materials. These include stainless steel, aluminum, copper, brass, zinc, and steel. The thickness of these metal sheets ranges from 0.006 to 0.25 inches. Thinner gauges offer increased malleability, while thicker ones are perfect for heavy-duty applications.

In addition, sheet metal manufacturing works with the help of computer-aided design applications. It gives a 3D graphic representation of the end product of the production. The 3D files are usually transformed into machine code (G-code) which controls the operation. Thus, the machine can make precision cuts, joins, and forms final products from different metal sheets.

3 Types of Sheet Metal Fabrication Techniques

There are various techniques involved in custom sheet metal fabrication. Some of these techniques have more advantages and compatibility than others. Thus, gaining an in-depth knowledge of the different processes is essential to achieving the most efficient designs. The following provides a run-through of the 3 sheet metal fabrication techniques types.

• Cutting Sheet Metal
• Forming Sheet Metal
• Joining Sheet Metal

Sheet Metal Fabrication Cutting Techniques

Cutting is usually the first phase in the sheet metal fabrication process. You can cut different shapes or structures from rectangular metal sheets to meet design requirements. The main cutting techniques involved two categories: cutting without shear and with shear.

1. Cutting Without Shear

There are several processes that enable adequate cutting through sheet metal material without shear force. These techniques involve extreme heat, high pressure, vaporization, and abrasive blasting to shape the sheet metal fabrication parts. They include the following:

1.1 Laser Cutting

Sheet metal laser cutting involves using focused laser beams to melt metals in localized areas. Laser cutters are compatible with a long list of metals, ranging from non-ferrous metals to mild steel and stainless steel.

This technique consists of two concurrently running sub-processes. The first one involves concentrating a high-powered laser beam on the sheet metal. The material absorbs the laser beam’s thermal energy, making it vaporize.

At the same time, the second process involves a cutting nozzle providing blowing gas for laser cutting. This gas is usually oxygen or nitrogen. It helps to prevent the processing head from splashes and vapors during sheet metal fabricating engineering.

1.2 Plasma Cutting

Plasma cutting is a thermal cutting process involving metal with ionized gas called plasma. The method uses substantial heat to cut the metal, which creates large burrs and an oxidized zone close to the cut area. In addition, it allows faster cutting, high precision, and repeatability in sheet metal manufacturing.

The plasma cutting tool works effectively only on electrically conductive sheet metals. Consequently, it is one of the most suitable methods for cutting conductive materials with medium aluminum thickness.

1.3 Waterjet Cutting

This cutting process involves using a high-pressure stream of water to cut metal sheets. Waterjet cutting is versatile and can cut various hard and soft materials using pressurized water and abrasive. It is ideal for cutting soft materials, metal foils, fabrics, or rubber. At the same time, it is suitable for cutting hard materials like copper, carbon steel, aluminum, and carbon steel.

The pressure involved is usually about 60,000 psi, with a 610m/s supply of velocity to cut through different types of metal sheets. However, waterjet cutting is a better substitute for the laser cutting technique.

2. Cutting With Shear

The processes under this category cut metal materials using shearing force to overcome the metal’s ultimate shear strength. They usually involve using dies, punches, and shear presses to enable adequate cutting of the metal. The techniques here include the following:

2. 1 Shearing

Shearing is suitable for high-scale applications and cutting soft materials that don’t need clean finishes, like brass, aluminum, and mild steel. It cuts straight lines on sheet metals with a flat surface. The shearing method involves applying a shear force on the surface, causing the flat metal material to split at the cutting point.

This is often the ideal process for making straight edges on a metal sheet with rough edges. It is cost-effective for high-volume operations when manufacturing thousands of sheet metal fabrication parts within a short lead time. However, shearing may not be perfect for applications that need quality finishes due to the burrs and material deformations it causes.

2.2 Punching

Punching uses shear force to make holes in the sheet metal. In this sheet metal fabrication process, the scrap material is the material removed from the hole, while the final component is the remaining material on the die.

Punching is suitable for making cutouts and holes of different shapes and sizes. However, using the punching process can take much time. You have to match the dies and punching knives correctly.

2.3 Blanking

Blanking is an ideal process for economic sheet metal fabrication. It involves removing a portion of sheet metal from a larger piece of the stock material using a blanking punch and die. The punch makes a “blanking force” through the sheet metal while the die holds it during the process.

The extracted material is the preferred component, while the remaining material on the die is the leftover black stock. This process is suitable for making economic custom parts due to its high repeatability, dimension control, and excellent accuracy.

2.4 Sawing

Sawing cuts metal materials using a sawtooth tool to create a series of tiny cuts in the metal. A sawtooth uses shear force and friction to tear apart a small part of the metal material. Band saws have various fine and marginally bent teeth suitable for cutting brass, aluminum, and other non-ferrous sheet metal.

Horizontal band saws help to cut longer bar stocks to desired sizes. On the other hand, vertical band saws help to achieve complex cuttings that need accurate contours in the metal parts.

Sheet Metal Fabrication Forming Techniques

The sheet metal forming techniques help reshape materials while maintaining their solid states. However, these techniques are different in their applications for creating custom sheet metal fabrication. This section will explain the essential forming techniques used in sheet metal engineering.

Bending

Sheet metal bending is highly cost-effective in low to medium-scale production. It involves deforming the metal’s surface with force and bending it at the required angle to create the preferred shape. You can use press brakes and a rolling machine to perform this operation. This technique is suitable for spring steel, copper, and aluminum 5052.

Rolling

Rolling involves passing a metal piece through a pair of rollers to gradually reduce the thickness of the metal or get a balanced thickness. These rollers constantly rotate with high efficiency to form compressive forces. Consequently, the forces plastically alter the shape of the workpiece.

Cold rolling and hot rolling are the two major rolling processes. Cold rolling often occurs at room temperature, while hot rolling occurs at a temperature beyond the material’s re-crystallization. Discs, stampings, wheels rims, tubes, and pipes, are typical rolled sheet metal fabrication parts.

Stamping

Stamping combines complex cutting and forming processes with shorter sheet metal fabricating operations to achieve complex parts. Sheet metal stamping is a typical cold-forming technique that utilizes stamping presses and dies to shape raw materials into different shapes. It is compatible with many sheet metal materials – copper, aluminum, low- and high-carbon steel, and brass.

The metal stamping technique is often cost-effective, fast, and requires little tools and labor time. In addition, you can also automate the stamping process for high-quality precision parts and repeatability. However, it costs more to operate, and making changes to the design during production is challenging.

Hemming

Hemming is a custom sheet metal fabrication process that occurs when you roll over a sheet metal’s edge onto itself to form an area with two layers. It usually occurs in two different stages. Stage one includes blending the sheet metal and lowering it into a V-die. On the other hand, stage two involves the removal of the material and placing it into a flattening die. It helps to flatten the hem while giving it a preferred shape.

Hemming is often effective for strengthening parts’ edges and enhancing their appearance. The process has excellent accuracy that helps to create components with high-quality finishes. However, material deformation usually occurs during this process resulting in dimensional variations.

Curling

Curling is the process of joining round-like, hollow rolls to the edges of sheet metal. Its processes usually occur in three stages. The initial two stages form the curves for the curl, while the third one closes up the curl.

Curls effectively remove sharp untreated edges from a workpiece to make it safer for handling. Curling the edge gives it additional strength. However, curling can result in burrs and material deformation. As a result, the process needs the utmost care to get it right.

Sheet Metal Fabrication Joining Techniques

The following are joining techniques involved in the sheet metal fabrication process:

Welding

Welding is a standard process for joining sheet metal pieces into a single part by heating them to the melting point and using a torch to hold them. It is one of the fundamental processes in the final stages of sheet metal engineering. There are different sheet metal welding techniques, including:

• Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
• Metal Inert Gas (MIG) Welding
• Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) Welding

These three techniques have different approaches. However, they all have the purpose of joining metals by melting the edge of the parts and putting fillers. As a result, they form a metallurgical bond between the pieces to join them firmly.

Riveting

Riveting involves drilling a hole in the pieces of metal sheets to be joined and then installing the rivet. After inserting the rivet, you deform the rivet’s tail by squashing it. Doing this flattens the rivet’s tail, preventing it from falling off. Moreover, riveting is suitable for non-ferrous metal parts like aluminum and copper.

It occurs in two forms – cold riveting and hot riveting. Cold riveting is ideal for non-ferrous and lightweight metals with diameters below 10mm. In contrast, hot riveting involves applying heat of 1000 – 1100ᵒC to steel rivets above 10mm.

Advantages of Sheet Metal Manufacturing

Sheet metal fabrication comprises various techniques to help create components for many industries. The major advantages of sheet metal fabrication include the following:

Lightweight Parts Manufacturing

Sheet metal manufacturing is ideal for producing lightweight components. Industries that require lightweight engine parts, such as aerospace and automotive, depend on custom sheet metal fabrication for superior-quality materials and techniques.

Besides, this manufacturing method helps to create sheet metal fabrication parts that improve aircraft and automobile fuel economy while assuring efficiency.

Extensive Techniques and Materials

As discussed in this article, various techniques are associated with the sheet metal fabrication process. Therefore, there is no shortage of techniques to choose from for your project.

This manufacturing process also allows you to select from a wide array of sheet metal materials, including copper, stainless steel, steel, aluminum, and other custom sheet metals. The material you choose will determine the application of your end product.

Efficiency and Accuracy

The sheet metal technology offers increased efficiency and accurate fabrication capabilities. It helps to create prototypes faster with high precision and accuracy. For example, some laser cutters achieve cuts with about 0.0005 inches.

Moreover, it is essential to understand that most sheet metal techniques are automated. So, the machines start operating once you enter the codes on the computer. The process prevents human errors. Therefore, the final products usually have very little or no deformations.

Available Sheet Metal Fabrication Materials

There is a long list of materials compatible with sheet metal engineering. Here are some common of the sheet metal fabrication materials:

• Stainless steel
• Hot rolled steel
• Cold rolled steel
• Pre-plated steel
• Carbon steel
• Aluminum
• Copper
• Brass

Surface Finishes for Sheet Metal Fabrication

Surface finishing is a fundamental aspect of custom sheet metal fabrication. It gives fabricated parts both functional and aesthetic advantages. These are some of the surface finishes for sheet metal fabricated parts:

• Powder coating
• Bead blasting
• Brushing
• Electroplating
• Anodizing
• Laser engraving
• Screen printing

Industrial Applications of Sheet Metal Fabrication Parts

Several industries use sheet metal fabricated parts in their daily operations. Here are some of these industries:

Automotive

The sheet metal fabrication process paved the way for the innovative design of automobiles due to the availability of production-grade materials. The metal-forming capabilities of this technology help create perfect frames from thin metal sheets.

Hence, most car parts undergo punching and laser operations. For example, most vehicles’ hoods, fenders, side panels, and roofs are sheet metal engineering products.

Aerospace

Custom sheet metal fabrication facilitates the production of several space-worthy components and lightweight parts. Components used in the aerospace industry usually require tighter tolerances and high precision. Therefore, you can combine metal sheets like aluminum and steel with improved methods to create complex spacecraft and aircraft designs.

Healthcare

Sheet metal engineering helps to detect design errors and proffer reliable solutions due to medical tools’ quality and accuracy demands. Sheet metal prototyping and manufacturing are ideal for MRI applications and for producing scalpels and surgical instruments. You can automate these processes to prevent human error and improve accuracy in fabricating medical devices.

Enclosures

Sheet metal fabrication helps produce economic housing enclosures to safeguard sensitive gearboxes and equipment. In addition, fabricated parts protect tools from the environment, preventing dust from getting in. Likewise, using sheet metal fabricating techniques, you can make various cutouts for cable connections, such as glass windows, LED panels, light pipes, and HDMI.

Design Tips for Sheet Metal Fabricating

Here are some vital sheet metal design tips for manufacturability:

Wall Thickness

Each component’s geometry must maintain a uniform thickness because sheet metal fabrication parts are manufactured from a single metal sheet. Generally, you can manufacture sheet metal parts with at least 0.9 mm to 20 mm thickness.

However, different custom sheet metal fabrication techniques are compatible with varying thicknesses. For an instant, laser cutting is suitable for metal with thicknesses between 0.5 mm to 10 mm. In contrast, sheet metal bending can work with metal sheets between 0.5 mm to 6 mm thickness.

Holes and Slot Orientation

Holes and slot diameters are essential factors to consider when modeling parts in custom sheet metal fabrication. The diameter of the holes and slots should be as large as the thickness of the material. In addition, you should give enough space between the holes. You should never put the holes too close to the edge of the material.

Bend Allowance and Deduction

Bend allowance is the additional material length you need to add to the actual measurement of the parts to create a flat pattern. On the other hand, bend deduction is the material that needs to be cut out from the length of the flanges to gain a balanced design.

Bend Radii

Keeping the internal bend radius of sheet metal at an equal measurement to its thickness is very important. It prevents sheet metal defects and distortions in the final products. As a result, maintaining consistent bend radii across the part helps to ensure excellent orientation and cost-effectiveness in sheet metal engineering.

WayKen’s Sheet Metal Fabrication Services

Partnering with the best manufacturers that provide superior sheet metal fabrication services is crucial. WayKen provides high-quality sheet metal manufacturing services with the best experience. Combined with advanced technologies and skilled technicians, we can always meet your various machining needs with high standards.

In addition, as an ISO-certified company, we ensure you get the best prototypes and final products for sheet metal fabrication parts. At WayKen, we provide 100% part inspection support to help you get the best from your project. Contact us today to get an instant quote and DFM feedback.

Conclusion

Manufacturing parts with sheet metal fabrication is an excellent option. It offers various benefits, ranging from efficiency and accuracy to fabricating lightweight components and compatibility with multiple materials and techniques. So, understanding the different methods, applications, and design tips involved in this process is essential for the success of your project.

FAQ

How does the sheet metal fabrication process work?

The sheet metal fabrication process manipulates or alters sheet metal materials into different geometries by cutting, forming, or joining them. The process starts with concept generation and the creation of engineering drawings.

Then, engineers use various processes to develop prototypes according to the design model. After prototype development, product testing, and design changes, full-scale production of intended products can then begin.

What are the main sheet metal fabrication techniques?

The major techniques in sheet metal fabrication are generally classified under three categories. These include cutting, forming, and joining. Each category has the various number of unique processes that are useful for several applications.

What is the maximum thickness for sheet metal fabrication?

The thickness of sheet metal usually ranges between 0.5 mm and 6 mm. The thinness of the metal sheets makes them very easy to fabricate while providing adequate strength for intended purposes.

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Model	QT6-15 Automatic block making machine
Qty/mould	6pcs/mould (hollow block 400*200*200mm)
Molding cycle	15-25s
Rated pressure	16MPa
Main vibration	Platform vibration
Vibration frequency	2800-4500 r/m
Power	28.75Kw
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Dimension	7100*1500*3000mm
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TAPP analogs containing β(3) -homo-amino acids: synthesis and receptor binding.
Podwysocka D, Kosson P, Lipkowski AW, Olma A., J Pept Sci.
DOI: 10.1002/psc.2433
Epub ahead of print July 12, 2012.
Copyright © 2012 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

β-Amino acids containing α,β-hybrid peptides show great potential as peptidomimetics. In this paper, we describe the synthesis and affinity to μ-opioid and δ-opioid receptors of α,β-hybrids, analogs of the tetrapeptide Tyr- d-Ala-Phe-Phe-NH(2) (TAPP). Each amino acid was replaced with an l- or d-β(3) -h-amino acid. All α,β-hybrids of TAPP analogs were synthesized in solution and tested for affinity to μ-opioid and δ-opioid receptors. The analog Tyr-β(3) h- d-Ala-Phe-PheNH(2) was found to be as active as the native tetrapeptide.