Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that go into their production is crucial for ensuring quality, comfort, and safety. This article delves into the composition and properties of the primary raw materials used in sanitary pads.

## 1. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of a sanitary pad, responsible for absorbing menstrual fluid. It is typically made from a combination of wood pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP).

– Wood Pulp: This natural material is highly absorbent and provides bulk to the core. It is often bleached to ensure cleanliness and hygiene.
– Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP): These synthetic materials can absorb and retain large amounts of liquid relative to their mass. SAP enhances the pad’s absorbency and prevents leakage.

## 2. Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is designed to be soft, comfortable, and quick-drying.

– Nonwoven Fabric: Made from synthetic fibers like polypropylene or polyethylene, nonwoven fabrics are lightweight, breathable, and gentle on the skin. They allow menstrual fluid to pass through quickly while keeping the surface dry.

## 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the sanitary pad, providing a barrier to prevent leakage.

– Polyethylene Film: This plastic film is waterproof and prevents menstrual fluid from seeping through to clothing. It is often embossed or textured to improve grip and prevent slipping.

## 4. Adhesive

Adhesives are used to secure the sanitary pad in place within the underwear.

– Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive: This type of adhesive is applied to the back sheet and activates upon pressure. It ensures the pad stays in place during use without causing discomfort or leaving residue on clothing.

## 5. Release Paper

The release paper protects the adhesive before use and is removed when the pad is applied.

– Siliconized Paper: This paper is coated with silicone to prevent the adhesive from sticking prematurely. It is easy to peel off and dispose of.

## Properties of Sanitary Pad Raw Materials

– Absorbency: The ability to absorb and retain menstrual fluid is the most critical property. Both the absorbent core and top sheet contribute to this.
– Softness: The top sheet must be soft to prevent irritation and ensure comfort during use.
– Breathability: Nonwoven fabrics and other materials should allow air circulation to reduce the risk of skin irritation and discomfort.
– Leakage Prevention: The back sheet and adhesive must work together to prevent leaks and keep the pad securely in place.
– Hypoallergenic: Materials should be non-irritating and safe for sensitive skin to minimize the risk of allergic reactions.

In conclusion, the raw materials used in sanitary pads are carefully selected to provide optimal performance, comfort, and safety. Understanding their composition and properties helps in appreciating the technology and innovation behind these essential hygiene products.